Digital Accessibility 101
What Is It
“A11y” is a shorthand term for “accessibility” and is derived from the 11 characters between “a” and “y” in the word. It represents a global movement to improve web content and computer systems’ accessibility.
Disability Numbers Are Growing
Populations are aging and older people have a higher risk of chronic health conditions.
26% of Adults
The US Identifies as having some disability, not strictly physical. Recent additions include cognitive and even emotional disabilities.
Disability is a Spectrum
We’re all temporarily disabled at one time or another.
- 1st circle – perfect conditions
- 2nd circle – acute conditions – glare, noisy, crowded
- 3rd circle-situational conditions – broken bone, surgery
- Outside – permanent – blind, deaf, paralysis
Web accessibility Essential for some useful for all
Disabilities can exist on a spectrum and vary in duration from situational, temporary to permanent. They can share common requirements when it comes to digital experiences.
Equality
Recognizing there are differences and assuming everyone will benefit From the same solution
Equity
Accommodating the differences and allowing their voice to directly affect the solution
Inclusion
Looking at the diversity of the experience and how it allows everyone to benefit from it.
The Gray Zone
This is a neutral area that you want to aim to be on a consistent basis, it will allow aesthetics and accessibility to be attainable.
Operating In The Gray Zone
General rules make to help guide you maintain Web Content Accessibility Guideline (WCAG) compliance.
Design Focus
Provide good color Contrast (especially with gradients)
Watch the use of ALL CAPS
Use adequate Font Size
Adjust Letter Spacing and Line Height when needed
Make sure Links are recognizable
Add a Hover State to buttons and links
Create Visual Hierarchy
Developer Focus
Use Live Text as often as possible
Use Alt Text for all images or when live text is not available
Use Animation, Motion, and Video carefully
Consider Reading Order
Design a Skip to the main content
Correct Keyboard is activated Keyboard access is supported
Moving The Gray Zone
Keeping the focus on the suggestions mentioned above will help work towards thoughtful accessibility and can move the Gray Zone toward the left.
Do The Right Thing
Accessibility is a journey and commitment that can take time. Whether you are starting a new venture or working in a large organization integrating good design with accessibility in mind is good for everyone. There are specific laws that are in place that can potentially put an organization or site at risk if not followed but there are tools and additional guidelines to help with compliance.